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What can you recall?
state / describe / define / calculate / explain
Recall and explain
state: give a concise answer. describe: give the features or what happens. define: give the precise meaning. calculate: work out the answer from the data. explain: give reasons and connect them to evidence.
Keep the lesson closed. (a) State what happens to the internal energy of an object when its temperature rises. (b) Describe what happens to the particles of a solid when its temperature rises. (c) Define specific heat capacity. (d) Calculate the energy needed to warm a 0.40 kg block of aluminium from 20 °C to 45 °C. The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J/(kg °C). (e) Explain why a value of c measured with a bare, uninsulated block usually comes out higher than the book value. (f) Describe how to measure the specific heat capacity of a metal block in a laboratory: what you measure, which instrument you use for each, how you cut down energy losses, and how you work out c.
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Scope and sources
Cambridge IGCSE Physics 0625 · 2026–2028 v2 · Original learning materials.
A rise in the temperature of an object increases its internal energy (2.2.2.1); the rise in temperature in terms of an increase in the average kinetic energy of its particles (2.2.2.2); specific heat capacity as the energy needed per unit mass per unit temperature increase, with c = ΔE ÷ (m Δθ) (2.2.2.3); experiments to measure the specific heat capacity of a solid and of a liquid (2.2.2.4). Changes of state, melting and boiling, are in MELT01; conduction, convection and radiation are in TRANS01.
Apparatus, amounts and times in the experiment are illustrative. Real practical work follows a teacher-approved safety method.
Official Cambridge syllabus